Signals & timing

Analog Signal Scaling

Scale 4–20 mA, voltage or raw PLC counts into engineering units. Reverse the calculation and inspect unclamped overrange.

YOUR INPUTS

LIVE RESULT

Output5 bar
Clamped result
5 bar
Position in span (%)
50

Calculated

Within the configured span.

FOLLOW THE SIGNAL
Analog Signal Scaling0%25%50%75%100%PLC INPUT5 bar12 mA0 bar → 10 bar
THE RELATIONSHIP(12 − 4) ÷ (20 − 4) = 0.5
Five-point calibration table
% of spanSignal (mA)Engineering value (bar)
0%40
25%82.5
50%125
75%167.5
100%2010

How to use this on a job

Write down two known points: what the input reports at the bottom of the measuring range, and what it reports at the top. Those two pairs define the line. A vendor name by itself does not define an analog scale.

  1. 01

    Enter the low and high input values from the configured channel. They can be mA, volts or raw counts. Enter the matching engineering endpoints and their unit.

  2. 02

    Read the live value and its position along the span. The unclamped result shows what the measurement says; the clamped result shows what a display limited to the nominal range would show.

  3. 03

    Reverse the direction when planning an injection test. Enter a desired engineering value and calculate the signal or raw count that should produce it. Record the 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% points.

Work through one example

y = y₀ + (x − x₀) × (y₁ − y₀) ÷ (x₁ − x₀)

For a 4–20 mA transmitter covering 0–10 bar, 12 mA is halfway through the electrical span and therefore 5 bar. At 2 mA the line extrapolates to −1.25 bar, while a clamped display reads 0. The disagreement tells you to investigate rather than trust the display.

Before you trust the answer

Clamping an under-range measurement can hide a wiring fault as a valid zero. Keep the diagnostic status separate from the displayed value. A raw range such as 0–27648 needs confirmation for the actual module and range configuration; check its diagnostics in the manual too.

TRYPLC FIELD REFERENCE / 01

Analog Signal Scaling

Scale 4–20 mA, voltage or raw PLC counts into engineering units. Reverse the calculation and inspect unclamped overrange.

  • fraction = (input − low) ÷ (high − low)
  • output = engineering low + fraction × engineering span
  • 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 mA → 0, 25, 50, 75, 100%
Analog Signal Scaling0%25%50%75%100%PLC INPUT5 bar12 mA0 bar → 10 bar

How to use this on a job

Write down two known points: what the input reports at the bottom of the measuring range, and what it reports at the top. Those two pairs define the line. A vendor name by itself does not define an analog scale.

  1. 01

    Enter the low and high input values from the configured channel. They can be mA, volts or raw counts. Enter the matching engineering endpoints and their unit.

  2. 02

    Read the live value and its position along the span. The unclamped result shows what the measurement says; the clamped result shows what a display limited to the nominal range would show.

  3. 03

    Reverse the direction when planning an injection test. Enter a desired engineering value and calculate the signal or raw count that should produce it. Record the 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% points.

Work through one example

y = y₀ + (x − x₀) × (y₁ − y₀) ÷ (x₁ − x₀)

For a 4–20 mA transmitter covering 0–10 bar, 12 mA is halfway through the electrical span and therefore 5 bar. At 2 mA the line extrapolates to −1.25 bar, while a clamped display reads 0. The disagreement tells you to investigate rather than trust the display.

Before you trust the answer

Clamping an under-range measurement can hide a wiring fault as a valid zero. Keep the diagnostic status separate from the displayed value. A raw range such as 0–27648 needs confirmation for the actual module and range configuration; check its diagnostics in the manual too.

https://tryplc.com/tools/analog-scaling